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Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental

Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 119-129 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0272-z

摘要： Emission trading is one of the most effective alternatives to controlling water pollution. Water environmental functional zone (WEFZ) is used to determine the water quality standard and identify the zone boundary for each river or reach. In this study, a new emission trading scheme was addressed based on WEFZ, accounting for both the temporal dimension and water quality control. A temporal factor of emission trading was proposed based on variations in the environmental capacity within a year by dividing the year into three periods, including high, normal, and low periods of environmental capacity. During each period, emission trading was implemented exclusively. A water quality-control scheme was suggested based on the water quality requirement in the water functional zone, in which the water quality at the downstream boundary of the zone was required to meet the water standard following auto-purification in the stream. Two methods of calculating water quality control are addressed for point-source pollution and non-point-source pollution. The calculated temporal dimension and water quality control were located in Dongxi River of the Daning Watershed in the Three Gorges Watershed. The high period was during June, July, and August, the normal period was during April, May, September, and October, and the low period was during January, February, March, November, and December. The results from the water quality calculation demonstrated that the discharge of point-source and non-point-source pollutions led to an excess of common contaminants at the downstream boundary of WEFZ. The temporal and spatial factors above should be incorporated into the emission trading scheme based on WEFZ.

关键词： emission trading     water functional zone     water quality control    

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SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY AND ALGAL BIOMASS IN ERHAI LAKE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 566-578 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023520

摘要：

Elucidating the spatiotemporal pattern of water quality and algal biomass is crucial for accurately tracing pollution sources and reducing the risk of algal blooms in lake systems. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variability of water quality and algal biomass in Erhai Lake from 1994 to 2021 using water quality index (WQI), Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope combined methods. The potential causes of water quality deterioration and algal biomass dynamics were also elucidated. The results showed that the historical changes in the water environment of Erhai Lake mainly had three stages: satisfactory (1994‒2001), deteriorating (2002‒2010) and improving (2011‒2021). The changes in water quality and algal biomass were primarily affected by total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in different stages. The water environment of Erhai Lake is currently improving significantly, starting in the southern area that is furthest from the sources of agricultural pollution, especially in summer and autumn. This is attributed to the implementation of control measures resulting in lower pollutant loads at particular times and places. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to promote standardized livestock farming, to strengthen rural wastewater collection and to investigate measures such as the interruption of the endogenous cycle.

关键词： Erhai Lake     control measures     water environment     water quality index (WQI)    

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Toxicity-oriented water quality engineering

Shengkun Dong, Chenyue Yin, Xiaohong Chen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1259-4

摘要： • Toxicity-oriented water quality monitoring was proposed. • Toxicity-oriented water quality engineering control was proposed. • Future issues to the proposition were discussed. The fundamental goal of water quality engineering is to ensure water safety to humans and the environment. Traditional water quality engineering consists of monitoring, evaluation, and control of key water quality parameters. This approach provides some vital insights into water quality, however, most of these parameters do not account for pollutant mixtures – a reality that terminal water users face, nor do most of these parameters have a direct connection with the human health safety of waters. This puts the real health-specific effects of targeted water pollutant monitoring and engineering control in question. To focus our attention to one of the original goals of water quality engineering – human health and environmental protection, we advocate here the toxicity-oriented water quality monitoring and control. This article presents some of our efforts toward such goal. Specifically, complementary to traditional water quality parameters, we evaluated the water toxicity using high sensitivity toxicological endpoints, and subsequently investigated the performance of some of the water treatment strategies in modulating the water toxicity. Moreover, we implemented the toxicity concept into existing water treatment design theory to facilitate toxicity-oriented water quality control designs. Suggestions for the next steps are also discussed. We hope our work will intrigue water quality scientists and engineers to improve and embrace the mixture water pollutant and toxicological evaluation and engineering control.

关键词： Water     Wastewater     Mixture     Toxicity     Monitor     Control    

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Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-waterquality model

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 255-265 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0279-x

摘要： The water quality pollution and ecological deterioration in peri-urban rivers are usually serious under rapid urbanization and economic growth. In the study, a typical peri-urban river, Nansha River, was selected as a case study to discuss the scheme of peri-urban river rehabilitation. Located in the north part of the Beijing central region, the Nansha River watershed has been designated as an ecologically friendly garden-style area with high-tech industry parks and upscale residential zones. However, the Nansha River is currently seriously contaminated by urban and rural pollutants from both nonpoint sources (NPS) and point sources (PS). In this study, the pollutant loads from point sources and nonpoint sources in the Nansha River watershed were first assessed. A coupled model, derived from the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code and Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program, was developed to simulate the hydrodynamics and water quality in the Nansha River. According to the characteristics of the typical peri-urban river, three different PS and NPS control scenarios were designed and examined by modeling analyses. Based on the results of the scenario analysis, a river rehabilitation scheme was recommended for implementation.

关键词： peri-urban river     coupled hydrodynamic-water quality modeling     scenario analysis     river rehabilitation    

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控制单元水质目标管理技术及应用案例研究

雷坤,乔飞,富国,苏保林

《中国工程科学》 2013年 第15卷 第3期   页码 62-69

摘要：

在研究国内外流域水环境管理技术的基础上，提出了控制单元水质目标管理技术方法，剖析了其内涵、特征，并全面阐述了控制单元划分、控制单元水质目标核定、控制单元水环境问题诊断、控制单元水质响应特征分析、控制单元允许纳污量计算与总量分配、控制单元污染物减排方案制订、控制单元污染物总量监控与评估7项核心技术环节。在此基础上，将控制单元水质目标管理技术方法在辽河流域南沙河控制单元进行技术示范，形成完整的技术方案，为流域水环境管理提供技术支撑。

关键词： 控制单元     水质目标管理     总量分配     南沙河    

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A red water occurrence in drinking water distribution systems caused by changes in water source in Beijing, China: mechanism analysis and control measures

ZHANG Xiaojian,MI Zilong,WANG Yang,LIU Shuming,NIU Zhangbin,LU Pinpin,WANG Jun,GU Junnong,CHEN Chao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 417-426 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0558-4

摘要： A red water phenomenon occurred in several communities few days after the change of water source in Beijing, China in 2008. In this study, the origin of this problem, the mechanism of iron release and various control measures were investigated. The results indicated that a significant increase in sulphate concentration as a result of the new water source was the cause of the red water phenomenon. The mechanism of iron release was found that the high-concentration sulphate in the new water source disrupted the stable shell of scale on the inner pipe and led to the release of iron compounds. Experiments showed that the iron release rate in the new source water within pipe section was over 11-fold higher than that occurring within the local source water. The recovery of tap water quality lasted several months despite ameliorative measures being implemented, including adding phosphate, reducing the overall proportion of the new water source, elevating the pH and alkalinity, and utilizing free chlorine as a disinfectant instead of chloramine. Adding phosphate was more effective and more practical than the other measures. The iron release rate was decreased after the addition of 1.5 mg·L orthophosphate- P, tripolyphosphate-P and hexametaphosphate-P by 68%, 83% and 87%, respectively. Elevating the pH and alkalinity also reduced the iron release rate by 50%. However, the iron release rate did not decreased after replacing chloramine by 0.5–0.8 mg·L of free chlorine as disinfectant.

关键词： iron release     drinking water distribution system     sulphate     phosphate     red water control     water quality stability    

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A review of hydrological/water-quality models

Liangliang GAO,Daoliang LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 267-276 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014041

摘要： Water quality models are important in predicting the changes in surface water quality for environmental management. A range of water quality models are wildly used, but every model has its advantages and limitations for specific situations. The aim of this review is to provide a guide to researcher for selecting a suitable water quality model. Eight well known water quality models were selected for this review: SWAT, WASP, QUALs, MIKE 11, HSPF, CE-QUAL-W2, ELCOM-CAEDYM and EFDC. Each model is described according to its intended use, development, simulation elements, basic principles and applicability (e.g., for rivers, lakes, and reservoirs and estuaries). Currently, the most important trends for future model development are: (1) combination models—individual models cannot completely solve the complex situations so combined models are needed to obtain the most appropriate results, (2) application of artificial intelligence and mechanistic models combined with non-mechanistic models will provide more accurate results because of the realistic parameters derived from non-mechanistic models, and (3) integration with remote sensing, geographical information and global position systems (3S) —3S can solve problems requiring large amounts of data.

关键词： water quality models     applications     future trends    

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我国河长制实施成效考核方法评估研究

尹海龙,葛佳宁,徐祖信,徐晋

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期   页码 169-176 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.020

摘要：

新修订的《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》增加了建立河长制的要求，从法律层面明确了各级首长对行政区域水环境治理的责任。本文在评估分析我国河长制实施成效、现有考核方法体系及其不足的基础上，提出了河湖断面综合水质评价和污水管网污染负荷截污率两种量化考核方法，以提高河长制成效考核的科学合理性。文章以上海市苏州河治理为例，介绍了综合水质考核方法的应用。分析了我国各省（区、市）的污染负荷截污率，发现全国平均仍有34%的污水未经处理排放入河道，造成河道水质反复恶化。将河湖断面综合水质评价和污染负荷截污率纳入河长考核，将会有效推动各地政府将人力、物力、财力集聚到城市排水管网改造和河道截污工作，推动水污染防治取得实实在在的成效。

关键词： 河长制；综合水质；水环境质量；污染负荷；污水收集；水污染防治    

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Evaluation of ICUs and weight of quality control indicators: an exploratory study based on Chinese ICUquality data from 2015 to 2020

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 675-684 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0970-x

摘要： This study aimed to explore key quality control factors that affected the prognosis of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in Chinese mainland over six years (2015−2020). The data for this study were from 31 provincial and municipal hospitals (3425 hospital ICUs) and included 2 110 685 ICU patients, for a total of 27 607 376 ICU hospitalization days. We found that 15 initially established quality control indicators were good predictors of patient prognosis, including percentage of ICU patients out of all inpatients (%), percentage of ICU bed occupancy of total inpatient bed occupancy (%), percentage of all ICU inpatients with an APACHE II score ≥15 (%), three-hour (surviving sepsis campaign) SSC bundle compliance (%), six-hour SSC bundle compliance (%), rate of microbe detection before antibiotics (%), percentage of drug deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis (%), percentage of unplanned endotracheal extubations (%), percentage of patients reintubated within 48 hours (%), unplanned transfers to the ICU (%), 48-h ICU readmission rate (%), ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) (per 1000 ventilator days), catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI) (per 1000 catheter days), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) (per 1000 catheter days), in-hospital mortality (%). When exploratory factor analysis was applied, the 15 indicators were divided into 6 core elements that varied in weight regarding quality evaluation: nosocomial infection management (21.35%), compliance with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines (17.97%), ICU resources (17.46%), airway management (15.53%), prevention of deep-vein thrombosis (14.07%), and severity of patient condition (13.61%). Based on the different weights of the core elements associated with the 15 indicators, we developed an integrated quality scoring system defined as F score=21.35%×nosocomial infection management + 17.97%×compliance with SSC guidelines + 17.46%×ICU resources + 15.53%×airway management + 14.07%×DVT prevention + 13.61%×severity of patient condition. This evidence-based quality scoring system will help in assessing the key elements of quality management and establish a foundation for further optimization of the quality control indicator system.

关键词： critical care medicine     quality control     evaluation     exploratory factor analysis (EFA) model    

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Modeling effects of a tidal barrage on water quality indicator distribution in the Severn Estuary

Guanghai GAO, Roger A. FALCONER, Binliang LIN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 211-218 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0464-1

摘要： In this study, emphasis has focused on assessing the potential hydro-environmental impacts of a barrage across the Severn Estuary, with a numerical model being developed and applied to the estuary to assess the impacts of proposed Severn Barrage on the hydrodynamic, sediment transport and faecal indicator organism distribution within the estuary. The results show that the Severn Barrage has the potential to reduce the tidal currents in a highly dynamic estuary. This leads to the reduction of suspended sediment concentrations, which in turn affects the bacterial transport processes which is highly related to the sediment transport processes.

关键词： water quality indicator     Severn Estuary     numerical model     tidal energy    

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Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed

Juan WU, Jian ZHANG, Wenlin JIA, Huijun XIE, Bo ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 241-247 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0023-6

摘要： The effects of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the influent on nitrous oxide (N O) emissions, together with the relationships between N O and water quality parameters in free water surface constructed wetlands, were investigated with laboratory-scale systems. N O emission and purification performance of wastewater were very strongly dependent on COD concentration in the influent, and the total N O emission in the system with middle COD influent concentration was the least. The relationships between N O and the chemical and physical water quality variables were studied by using principal component scores in multiple linear regression analysis to predict N O flux. The multiple linear regression model against principal components indicated that different water parameters affected N O flux with different COD concentrations in the influent, but nitrate nitrogen affected N O flux in all systems.

关键词： free water surface constructed wetland     nitrous oxide emission     water quality parameter     principal component analysis     multiple linear regression    

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Human health ambient water quality criteria for 13 heavy metals and health risk assessment in Taihu Lake

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1475-6

摘要：

• The concentrations of 13 heavy metals in Taihu Lake were analyzed.

关键词： Heavy metals     Human health ambient water quality criteria     Taihu Lake     Health risk assessment     Contribution rate    

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Effects of water quality on the coagulation performances of humic acids irradiated with UV light

Wendong WANG,Qinghai FAN,Zixia QIAO,Qin YANG,Yabo WANG,Xiaochang WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 147-154 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0749-7

摘要： The presence of humic acid in drinking water treatment has received significant attention in recent years because of its adverse effects on the removal of many pollutants in coagulation. In this paper, the effects of water quality including pH, turbidity, alkalinity, and hardness on the removal of humic acid were investigated in a UV light hybridized coagulation process. Our results suggested that UV light radiation could effectively improve the removal rate of humic acid in coagulation under both neutral and basic conditions, and the variations of the selected water quality parameters had little adverse effect on the function of UV light. After UV light radiation, the removal rate of the nitro-humic acid (NHA) increased from 20% to 60% in coagulation, and increased further to 75% and 85% for the raw waters with 10.0 NTU kaolin and 100 mg·L hardness, respectively. In addition to NHA, the removal rates of the humic acid extracted from peat coal (PHA) and the humic acid provided by Japan metals and chemicals company (JHA) in coagulation were also improved, both in the range of 80%–90% after undergoing UV light radiation. By changing the radiation location from prior to coagulation to the flocculation process, similar experimental results were obtained. The formation of positive charged sites after UV light radiation was considered to be the primary factor that led to an enhanced removal of the humic acid in coagulation.

关键词： coagulation     drinking water     humic acid     UV light radiation     water quality    

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流域水土环境污染跨介质治理策略

夏星辉 ,裴元生 ,郑少奎 ,刘瑞民 ,文武 ,王功芹 ,杨志峰

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期   页码 49-55 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.007

摘要：

污染物在流域水土环境中存在复杂的源汇关系，在水土环境中的转化作用主要受控于各种水‒ 土界面过程，为此，水土环境污染治理需将水土环境作为一个整体，通过跨介质归因识别找到真正的污染源，然后进行跨介质治理。本文首先分析了污染物在流域水土环境中的跨水‒ 土介质迁移过程以及主要影响因素，在此基础上提出了流域水土环境跨介质调控原理及关键过程，主要包括流域水土环境污染跨介质归因识别和流域水土环境污染跨介质治理。同时，重点阐述了污染物在河道外的土壤‒ 水界面、坡面‒ 河道界面，河道内的水‒ 沉积物界面（包括河床潜流带和侧向岸边潜流带的水‒固界面）和水‒ 悬浮颗粒物界面过程在跨介质去除中的重要作用，并采用实际案例阐述了流域非点源污染物的跨介质控制、河流含氮化合物的跨介质去除以及湖泊氮磷的跨介质去除方法等。研究结果可为流域水土环境污染防治提供科学依据。

关键词： 流域；水土污染防治；水土环境；水 ‒ 沉积物界面；水环境质量；跨介质治理    

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A novel hybrid model for water quality prediction based on VMD and IGOA optimized for LSTM

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1688-y

摘要：

● A novel VMD-IGOA-LSTM model has proposed for the prediction of water quality.

关键词： Water quality prediction     Grasshopper optimization algorithm     Variational mode decomposition     Long short-term memory neural network    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental

Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG

期刊论文

SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY AND ALGAL BIOMASS IN ERHAI LAKE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

期刊论文

Toxicity-oriented water quality engineering

Shengkun Dong, Chenyue Yin, Xiaohong Chen

期刊论文

Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-waterquality model

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

期刊论文

控制单元水质目标管理技术及应用案例研究

雷坤,乔飞,富国,苏保林

期刊论文

A red water occurrence in drinking water distribution systems caused by changes in water source in Beijing, China: mechanism analysis and control measures

ZHANG Xiaojian,MI Zilong,WANG Yang,LIU Shuming,NIU Zhangbin,LU Pinpin,WANG Jun,GU Junnong,CHEN Chao

期刊论文

A review of hydrological/water-quality models

Liangliang GAO,Daoliang LI

期刊论文

我国河长制实施成效考核方法评估研究

尹海龙,葛佳宁,徐祖信,徐晋

期刊论文

Evaluation of ICUs and weight of quality control indicators: an exploratory study based on Chinese ICUquality data from 2015 to 2020

期刊论文

Modeling effects of a tidal barrage on water quality indicator distribution in the Severn Estuary

Guanghai GAO, Roger A. FALCONER, Binliang LIN

期刊论文

Relationships of nitrous oxide fluxes with water quality parameters in free water surface constructed

Juan WU, Jian ZHANG, Wenlin JIA, Huijun XIE, Bo ZHANG

期刊论文

Human health ambient water quality criteria for 13 heavy metals and health risk assessment in Taihu Lake

期刊论文

Effects of water quality on the coagulation performances of humic acids irradiated with UV light

Wendong WANG,Qinghai FAN,Zixia QIAO,Qin YANG,Yabo WANG,Xiaochang WANG

期刊论文

流域水土环境污染跨介质治理策略

夏星辉 ,裴元生 ,郑少奎 ,刘瑞民 ,文武 ,王功芹 ,杨志峰

期刊论文

A novel hybrid model for water quality prediction based on VMD and IGOA optimized for LSTM

期刊论文